A late-breaking abstract (LBA 8) that will be presented at noon Pacific Time as an oral presentation demonstrates that people with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea may experience a clinically relevant and statistically significant improvement in functional status at eight weeks on active continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.
The study analyses involved 113 people who were randomized to an active CPAP therapy treatment group, and 110 people who were randomized to a sham treatment group. The adjusted group difference in mean changes from baseline to week eight of treatment was 0.95 points on the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire total score.
You can read the abstract in the final program.
Showing posts with label oral presentation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label oral presentation. Show all posts
Thursday, June 11, 2009
The Genetics of Sleep Duration
A late-breaking abstract (LBA 2) that will be presented later this morning as an oral presentation identified new genes associated with variations in sleep duration. The genome-wide association study involved 2,200 people in Finland; they were characterized for sleep length per night and evaluated for depressive symptoms and variation in mood.
The researchers found several new genes and variants that showed statistically significant association with total sleep length. Analysis also showed that sleep length and seasonal changes in mood share common molecular genes and pathways. This suggests that sleep disturbances and mood disorders may share common genetic components.
You can read the abstract in the final program.
The researchers found several new genes and variants that showed statistically significant association with total sleep length. Analysis also showed that sleep length and seasonal changes in mood share common molecular genes and pathways. This suggests that sleep disturbances and mood disorders may share common genetic components.
You can read the abstract in the final program.
Sleep & Emotional Memories
A study (#1244) that will be presented later this morning as an oral presentation suggests that sleep preserves in long-term memory only what is emotionally important and relevant to future goals.
Results show that the placement of sleep is critical for remembering the components of emotionally negative scenes, but it does not impact memory for neutral scenes. Emotional items are selectively remembered 24 hours and 4 months later, but only if sleep comes soon after learning.
Find out more about theories describing the role of sleep in memory on the Sleep Education Blog.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Results show that the placement of sleep is critical for remembering the components of emotionally negative scenes, but it does not impact memory for neutral scenes. Emotional items are selectively remembered 24 hours and 4 months later, but only if sleep comes soon after learning.
Find out more about theories describing the role of sleep in memory on the Sleep Education Blog.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Sleep & Weight Gain
Two studies that will be presented later this morning as oral presentations shed light on the associations between sleep and weight gain.
One study (#0981) used data from 1,797 twins with an average age of 37 years to show that body mass index (BMI) varied as a function of habitual sleep duration. Results show that twins who slept between 7 and 8.9 hours each night had a lower mean BMI (25.0 kg/m2) compared with those who regularly slept either more (25.2 kg/m2) or less (26.4 kg/m2) per night. The findings remained significant even after careful adjustment for genetics and shared environment.
Analyzing data from the Sleep Heart Health Study, another study (#0515) suggests that there is a positive association between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and subsequent change in BMI over approximately five years. The study involved 3,001 people with an average age of 62 years. Compared with participants who did not have sleep apnea, individuals with baseline moderate to severe sleep apnea had a mean change in BMI of 0.52 kg/m2; those with mild sleep apnea had a BMI change of 0.22 kg/m2. The association was significant despite adjustments for age, gender and race.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
One study (#0981) used data from 1,797 twins with an average age of 37 years to show that body mass index (BMI) varied as a function of habitual sleep duration. Results show that twins who slept between 7 and 8.9 hours each night had a lower mean BMI (25.0 kg/m2) compared with those who regularly slept either more (25.2 kg/m2) or less (26.4 kg/m2) per night. The findings remained significant even after careful adjustment for genetics and shared environment.
Analyzing data from the Sleep Heart Health Study, another study (#0515) suggests that there is a positive association between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and subsequent change in BMI over approximately five years. The study involved 3,001 people with an average age of 62 years. Compared with participants who did not have sleep apnea, individuals with baseline moderate to severe sleep apnea had a mean change in BMI of 0.52 kg/m2; those with mild sleep apnea had a BMI change of 0.22 kg/m2. The association was significant despite adjustments for age, gender and race.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
REM Sleep Affects Emotions & Mood
Two studies being presented today shed light on the importance of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
A study (#1284) being presented as a poster until 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time reports that in both men and women, REM appears to modulate negative affect; in females, REM also may modulate negative autobiographical memories. According to the study’s author, the results suggest that severe depression in women may be associated with an excess of REM sleep.
Another study (#0379) that will be presented this afternoon as an oral presentation suggests that REM sleep may enhance the brain’s empathetic capacity toward positive emotions. Results show that participants who did not take an afternoon nap displayed an amplified reaction to expressions representing anger and fear when tested on a face-rating task at 5 p.m. In contrast, participants who had an afternoon nap opportunity lasting 60 to 90 minutes displayed an increased receptiveness to happy facial expressions following sleep; however, this beneficial effect was found only in participants who achieved REM sleep during the nap.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine reports that sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Each complete cycle lasts about 90 to 110 minutes; most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep. Most dreams occur during this sleep stage. Find more about the stages of sleep on SleepEducation.com.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
A study (#1284) being presented as a poster until 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time reports that in both men and women, REM appears to modulate negative affect; in females, REM also may modulate negative autobiographical memories. According to the study’s author, the results suggest that severe depression in women may be associated with an excess of REM sleep.
Another study (#0379) that will be presented this afternoon as an oral presentation suggests that REM sleep may enhance the brain’s empathetic capacity toward positive emotions. Results show that participants who did not take an afternoon nap displayed an amplified reaction to expressions representing anger and fear when tested on a face-rating task at 5 p.m. In contrast, participants who had an afternoon nap opportunity lasting 60 to 90 minutes displayed an increased receptiveness to happy facial expressions following sleep; however, this beneficial effect was found only in participants who achieved REM sleep during the nap.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine reports that sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Each complete cycle lasts about 90 to 110 minutes; most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep. Most dreams occur during this sleep stage. Find more about the stages of sleep on SleepEducation.com.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Tuesday, June 9, 2009
Increased Brain Activation Helps Insomniacs Maintain Daytime Performance
A study (# 0779) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation used functional MRI to show that adults with primary insomnia have increased cerebral activation relative to good sleepers during a working memory task.
Differences appeared particularly in areas responsible for visual-spatial attention and coordination of cognitive processes. Compared with good sleepers, people with primary insomnia also showed significantly faster reaction times for correct responses and no difference in the number of errors committed.
Results suggest that people with primary insomnia may compensate for the detrimental effects of poor sleep to maintain adequate daytime performance.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Differences appeared particularly in areas responsible for visual-spatial attention and coordination of cognitive processes. Compared with good sleepers, people with primary insomnia also showed significantly faster reaction times for correct responses and no difference in the number of errors committed.
Results suggest that people with primary insomnia may compensate for the detrimental effects of poor sleep to maintain adequate daytime performance.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
The Genetics of Insomnia: Stress & Intrusive Thoughts
A study (# 0781) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation examines the underlying genetics of insomnia. Results of the twin study show that sleep reactivity to stress may mediate the genetic relation between insomnia and intrusive thinking/ruminative thoughts. The study also found an environmental variance in intrusive thinking that predicts insomnia; this suggests that behavioral treatments could be designed to target specific environmental triggers that promote rumination.
A clinical workshop relevant to this study will take place today from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time. “Arousal-reducing and Cognitive Techniques in the Treatment of Insomnia” will include discussions on progressive relaxation techniques for insomnia and constructive worry treatment strategies for intrusive thinking.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
A clinical workshop relevant to this study will take place today from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time. “Arousal-reducing and Cognitive Techniques in the Treatment of Insomnia” will include discussions on progressive relaxation techniques for insomnia and constructive worry treatment strategies for intrusive thinking.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Primary Insomnia Linked to a Neurochemical Abnormality
A study (#0768) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation demonstrates a specific neurochemical abnormality in adults with primary insomnia, providing greater insight to the limited understanding of the condition’s pathology.
Results indicate that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the most common inhibitory transmitter in the brain, is reduced by nearly 30 percent in individuals with primary insomnia. These findings suggest that primary insomnia is a manifestation of a neurobiological state of hyperarousal. Approximately 25 percent of people suffering from insomnia are considered to have primary insomnia, which is defined as a difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep in the absence of coexisting conditions.
The research team also published their study results in the November 1, 2008, issue of the journal SLEEP. Read the AASM press release.
The principal investigator of the study, Dr. John Winkelman of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass., will chair a related symposium later this morning at 8 a.m. Pacific Time. The symposium, “Neurobiological Correlates of Insomnia,” will explore the neurophysiologic features of insomnia.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Results indicate that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the most common inhibitory transmitter in the brain, is reduced by nearly 30 percent in individuals with primary insomnia. These findings suggest that primary insomnia is a manifestation of a neurobiological state of hyperarousal. Approximately 25 percent of people suffering from insomnia are considered to have primary insomnia, which is defined as a difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep in the absence of coexisting conditions.
The research team also published their study results in the November 1, 2008, issue of the journal SLEEP. Read the AASM press release.
The principal investigator of the study, Dr. John Winkelman of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass., will chair a related symposium later this morning at 8 a.m. Pacific Time. The symposium, “Neurobiological Correlates of Insomnia,” will explore the neurophysiologic features of insomnia.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Monday, June 8, 2009
Sleep, Diet & Exercise
Two studies being presented today address the relationships between sleep, diet and exercise.
A study (#1277) being presented later this morning as a poster reports the surprising finding that regular daily exercise did not correlate with total sleep time. Instead, the study found that sleep improved after days of low exertion, and better-rested participants got less exercise and had less calorie expenditure. Possible explanations for these unexpected findings include differences in personality types and the influence of job and life stress.
A study (#0385) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation found that sleep-restricted participants gained weight over the 11 days of the study even though they reported a decrease in appetite, food cravings and food consumption. The results suggest that energy intake still exceeded energy expenditure during sleep restriction in the sedentary environment of the laboratory.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
A study (#1277) being presented later this morning as a poster reports the surprising finding that regular daily exercise did not correlate with total sleep time. Instead, the study found that sleep improved after days of low exertion, and better-rested participants got less exercise and had less calorie expenditure. Possible explanations for these unexpected findings include differences in personality types and the influence of job and life stress.
A study (#0385) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation found that sleep-restricted participants gained weight over the 11 days of the study even though they reported a decrease in appetite, food cravings and food consumption. The results suggest that energy intake still exceeded energy expenditure during sleep restriction in the sedentary environment of the laboratory.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Sunday, June 7, 2009
Research Will Take Center Stage at SLEEP 2009
Beginning on Monday, June 8, more than 1,300 research abstracts will be presented during the scientific program at SLEEP 2009, showcasing the latest findings in sleep research from around the world.
The majority of the abstracts will be on display as poster presentations from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time, Monday, June 8, to Wednesday, June 10. Each poster will be displayed for one day only. Abstract authors will be available at their posters to discuss their findings with meeting attendees.
Select abstracts will be presented as brief oral presentations during scheduled sessions from Monday, June 8, to Thursday, June 11. Sessions involve a common theme and consist of either four abstract presentations during a one-hour session, or eight presentations during a two-hour session. Each oral presentation is 10 minutes long and is followed by five minutes of questions from the audience.
Eight “late-breaking abstracts” were selected for presentation during a special session from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. on Thursday, June 11. These oral presentations involve high-quality, emerging data found between December 2008 and March 2009.
The abstracts being presented at SLEEP 2009 were recently published in a special supplement of the journal SLEEP. You can download the abstract supplement as a 11 MB file in PDF format.
SLEEP 2009 will begin with the plenary session from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. Pacific Time on Monday. Look for live updates to be posted to the SLEEP 2009 blog until the meeting ends at 12:15 p.m. on Thursday, June 11.
The majority of the abstracts will be on display as poster presentations from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. Pacific Time, Monday, June 8, to Wednesday, June 10. Each poster will be displayed for one day only. Abstract authors will be available at their posters to discuss their findings with meeting attendees.
Select abstracts will be presented as brief oral presentations during scheduled sessions from Monday, June 8, to Thursday, June 11. Sessions involve a common theme and consist of either four abstract presentations during a one-hour session, or eight presentations during a two-hour session. Each oral presentation is 10 minutes long and is followed by five minutes of questions from the audience.
Eight “late-breaking abstracts” were selected for presentation during a special session from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. on Thursday, June 11. These oral presentations involve high-quality, emerging data found between December 2008 and March 2009.
The abstracts being presented at SLEEP 2009 were recently published in a special supplement of the journal SLEEP. You can download the abstract supplement as a 11 MB file in PDF format.
SLEEP 2009 will begin with the plenary session from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. Pacific Time on Monday. Look for live updates to be posted to the SLEEP 2009 blog until the meeting ends at 12:15 p.m. on Thursday, June 11.
Thursday, June 12, 2008
SLEEP 2008 Concludes
The final oral presentations of the day brought SLEEP 2008 to a conclusion at the Baltimore Convention Center in Baltimore, Md.
The SLEEP 2009 23rd Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies is scheduled for June 6 to 11, 2009, in Seattle, Wash.
The SLEEP 2009 23rd Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies is scheduled for June 6 to 11, 2009, in Seattle, Wash.
Teens Benefit from Delayed School Start Time
A study (ID# 1118) from Israel that is being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 shows that teens may have improved attention and concentration when their school start time is delayed.
The study involved 47 eighth-grade students from two classes. A control group began school at the regular time (7:30 a.m.) each day for two weeks. The experimental group began the schoolday one hour later (8:30 a.m.) during week one and then at the usual time during week two.
During the first week, students in the experimental group woke up an average of 51 minutes later each morning than students in the control group. Bedtime remained the same.
The experimental group performed better than the control group on two cognitive tests that were performed on the fifth day of the first week. They had a better overall attention score on a computerized test and made fewer mistakes on a paper-and-pencil test.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teens need a little more than nine hours of sleep each night to be alert the next day.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study involved 47 eighth-grade students from two classes. A control group began school at the regular time (7:30 a.m.) each day for two weeks. The experimental group began the schoolday one hour later (8:30 a.m.) during week one and then at the usual time during week two.
During the first week, students in the experimental group woke up an average of 51 minutes later each morning than students in the control group. Bedtime remained the same.
The experimental group performed better than the control group on two cognitive tests that were performed on the fifth day of the first week. They had a better overall attention score on a computerized test and made fewer mistakes on a paper-and-pencil test.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teens need a little more than nine hours of sleep each night to be alert the next day.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
REM Sleep, Short Sleep Duration & Child Obesity
A study from the University of Pittsburgh (ID# 0195) that is being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 takes a deeper look at the relationship between short sleep duration and obesity. The study concludes that a core aspect of this association may be reduced amounts of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
The study involved 335 children and teens between the ages of seven and 17 years. Sleep was measured by polysomnography for three consecutive nights. Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children slept about 22 minutes less per night.
Overweight children also had shorter REM sleep periods, lower REM activity and density, and longer latency to the first REM period. After adjusting for other factors, one hour less of REM sleep increased the risk of being overweight by about three times, while one hour less of total sleep increased the odds of overweight by about two times.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the complex process of sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study involved 335 children and teens between the ages of seven and 17 years. Sleep was measured by polysomnography for three consecutive nights. Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children slept about 22 minutes less per night.
Overweight children also had shorter REM sleep periods, lower REM activity and density, and longer latency to the first REM period. After adjusting for other factors, one hour less of REM sleep increased the risk of being overweight by about three times, while one hour less of total sleep increased the odds of overweight by about two times.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the complex process of sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Sleep and Suicide in Children and Teens
Two studies being presented as oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 address the relationship between sleep and suicidal behavior in children.
A study (ID# 0194) of 450 boys and 348 girls examined how children may be affected when a parent has a history of chronic insomnia. The children in the study had an average age of 14.4 years.
Teens with a parental history of chronic insomnia were much more likely to report having suicidal thoughts than teens without a parental history of insomnia (16.7% vs. 5.3%); they also were more likely to have a suicide plan (9.5% vs. 1.5%) and to have attempted suicide (9.5% vs. 1.7%).
Another study (ID# 0180) involved 303 children and teens with bipolar disorder and unipolar disorder during depressive episodes. The children in the study had an average age of 12.8 years.
Results show that 83.8 percent of the children had sleep disturbances. The presence of sleep complaints showed a significant association with suicidal behavior. Children with bipolar disorder were more likely than children with unipolar disorder to report suicidal behaviors with sleep complaints, classified as suicidal thoughts (58% vs. 35.6%), desire to die (58% vs. 31.5%), suicide plans (55.5% vs. 22.3%), and suicide attempt (40.7% vs. 19.8%).
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
A study (ID# 0194) of 450 boys and 348 girls examined how children may be affected when a parent has a history of chronic insomnia. The children in the study had an average age of 14.4 years.
Teens with a parental history of chronic insomnia were much more likely to report having suicidal thoughts than teens without a parental history of insomnia (16.7% vs. 5.3%); they also were more likely to have a suicide plan (9.5% vs. 1.5%) and to have attempted suicide (9.5% vs. 1.7%).
Another study (ID# 0180) involved 303 children and teens with bipolar disorder and unipolar disorder during depressive episodes. The children in the study had an average age of 12.8 years.
Results show that 83.8 percent of the children had sleep disturbances. The presence of sleep complaints showed a significant association with suicidal behavior. Children with bipolar disorder were more likely than children with unipolar disorder to report suicidal behaviors with sleep complaints, classified as suicidal thoughts (58% vs. 35.6%), desire to die (58% vs. 31.5%), suicide plans (55.5% vs. 22.3%), and suicide attempt (40.7% vs. 19.8%).
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Higher Blood Pressure in Children with Breathing Problems during Sleep
A study (ID# 0187) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 shows that sleep disordered breathing of any level of severity is associated with increased levels of blood pressure in children.
The Australian study involved 88 children between the ages of seven and 13 years. Twenty of these children were non-snoring controls who were recruited from the community.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower in the control group both before falling asleep and during sleep. MAP was elevated during sleep in children with either primary snoring, mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or moderate to severe OSA.
More information about obstructive sleep apnea in children is available from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine at http://www.sleepeducation.com/Disorder.aspx?id=71.
The Australian study involved 88 children between the ages of seven and 13 years. Twenty of these children were non-snoring controls who were recruited from the community.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower in the control group both before falling asleep and during sleep. MAP was elevated during sleep in children with either primary snoring, mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or moderate to severe OSA.
More information about obstructive sleep apnea in children is available from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine at http://www.sleepeducation.com/Disorder.aspx?id=71.
Wednesday, June 11, 2008
Insomnia Linked to Increased Risk of High Blood Pressure
“The medical impact of chronic insomnia has been underestimated,” said researcher Alexandros Vgontzas at the conclusion of his oral presentation this afternoon at SLEEP 2008.
In a study (ID# 685) of 1,741 men and women from Central Pennsylvania, Vgontzas and colleagues found that having insomnia and a short sleep duration of less than or equal to five hours increased the risk of high blood pressure by five times. Having insomnia and sleeping for five to six hours made individuals three times more likely to have high blood pressure. Without a complaint of insomnia, short sleep duration of less than or equal to five hours increased the risk of high blood pressure by only 1.5 times.
Sleep time was recorded during one night in a sleep laboratory. “Insomnia” was defined as a complaint of insomnia for more than or equal to one year.
Vgontzas, of Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, Pa., indicated that these results show that insomnia with a short sleep duration may raise the risk of high blood pressure at a rate that is similar to obstructive sleep apnea.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
In a study (ID# 685) of 1,741 men and women from Central Pennsylvania, Vgontzas and colleagues found that having insomnia and a short sleep duration of less than or equal to five hours increased the risk of high blood pressure by five times. Having insomnia and sleeping for five to six hours made individuals three times more likely to have high blood pressure. Without a complaint of insomnia, short sleep duration of less than or equal to five hours increased the risk of high blood pressure by only 1.5 times.
Sleep time was recorded during one night in a sleep laboratory. “Insomnia” was defined as a complaint of insomnia for more than or equal to one year.
Vgontzas, of Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, Pa., indicated that these results show that insomnia with a short sleep duration may raise the risk of high blood pressure at a rate that is similar to obstructive sleep apnea.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Child Sleep Patterns around the World
A study (ID# 0185) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 compares the sleep patterns of young children from 12 different countries. Results are based on questionnaires completed by the parents of 21,273 infants and toddlers from zero to 36 months of age.
The study indicates that young children in predominately Caucasian countries have earlier bedtimes and obtain more overall sleep than young children in predominately Asian countries. No differences were found in night wakings or napping behaviors.
Children in New Zealand went to bed the earliest with an average bedtime of 7:16 p.m. Children in Hong Kong went to bed the latest with an average bedtime of 10:10 p.m. U.S. children had an average bedtime of 8:52 p.m.
Japanese children had the lowest total sleep time (i.e., nightly sleep plus daytime naps) of 11.6 hours of sleep per day. Children in New Zealand had the highest total sleep time of 13.3 hours of sleep. U.S. children averaged 12.9 hours of total sleep time per day.
Seventy-six percent of Chinese parents perceived that their child has a small or severe sleep problem. Only 11 percent of parents in Taiwan responded similarly.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, newborns up to three months of age need about 16 to 20 hours of total sleep time per day, while infants between three and 12 months old need 14 to 15 hours of total sleep time. Toddlers between the ages of one and four years need about 12 to 14 hours of total sleep time.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study indicates that young children in predominately Caucasian countries have earlier bedtimes and obtain more overall sleep than young children in predominately Asian countries. No differences were found in night wakings or napping behaviors.
Children in New Zealand went to bed the earliest with an average bedtime of 7:16 p.m. Children in Hong Kong went to bed the latest with an average bedtime of 10:10 p.m. U.S. children had an average bedtime of 8:52 p.m.
Japanese children had the lowest total sleep time (i.e., nightly sleep plus daytime naps) of 11.6 hours of sleep per day. Children in New Zealand had the highest total sleep time of 13.3 hours of sleep. U.S. children averaged 12.9 hours of total sleep time per day.
Seventy-six percent of Chinese parents perceived that their child has a small or severe sleep problem. Only 11 percent of parents in Taiwan responded similarly.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, newborns up to three months of age need about 16 to 20 hours of total sleep time per day, while infants between three and 12 months old need 14 to 15 hours of total sleep time. Toddlers between the ages of one and four years need about 12 to 14 hours of total sleep time.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Tuesday, June 10, 2008
Neck Size a Predictor of OSA in Children
A study being presented as an oral presentation this afternoon at SLEEP 2008 describes the link between neck size and obstructive sleep apnea in children.
The study examined the records of 242 children between two and 18 years of age. The actual neck size of each patient was adjusted for age to obtain the child’s percent deviation from predicted neck size (DPN).
DPN showed a high correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a measure of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DPN showed a higher association with AHI than did body mass index (BMI) or tonsil size.
These results show that DPN may provide a more anatomically specific risk factor for OSA in children than obesity measures such as BMI.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, OSA occurs in about two percent of young children. It can develop in children at any age, but it is most common in preschoolers. OSA often occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years when the tonsils and adenoids are large compared to the throat.
The study examined the records of 242 children between two and 18 years of age. The actual neck size of each patient was adjusted for age to obtain the child’s percent deviation from predicted neck size (DPN).
DPN showed a high correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a measure of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DPN showed a higher association with AHI than did body mass index (BMI) or tonsil size.
These results show that DPN may provide a more anatomically specific risk factor for OSA in children than obesity measures such as BMI.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, OSA occurs in about two percent of young children. It can develop in children at any age, but it is most common in preschoolers. OSA often occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years when the tonsils and adenoids are large compared to the throat.
Sleep Loss, Alzheimer’s and Sleep Apnea
A study (ID# 0291) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 evaluated 52 older adults who have both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
When the study subjects were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, the resulting increase in total sleep time was significantly associated with improvements in neurocognitive testing.
No other variables, including changes in oxygenation, were significant. This implies that the cognitive impairment associated with OSA in AD patients may result from short sleep time.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine reports that the steepest prevalence increase for OSA is in the transition from middle-aged to older-aged adults. According to the National Institute on Aging, up to 4.5 million Americans suffer from AD, which usually begins after the age of 60.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
When the study subjects were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, the resulting increase in total sleep time was significantly associated with improvements in neurocognitive testing.
No other variables, including changes in oxygenation, were significant. This implies that the cognitive impairment associated with OSA in AD patients may result from short sleep time.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine reports that the steepest prevalence increase for OSA is in the transition from middle-aged to older-aged adults. According to the National Institute on Aging, up to 4.5 million Americans suffer from AD, which usually begins after the age of 60.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
U.S. Veterans Battle Insomnia after Returning from Iraq
A study (ID# 0697) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 shows that insomnia is a significant problem for combat-exposed U.S. soldiers returning from Iraq.
The study examined the sleep of 14 Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans who have post-deployment adjustment disorders. They were compared with 14 people who have primary insomnia and 14 good sleepers.
The veterans reported much worse sleep quality and sleep efficiency, increased time to fall asleep and wake time after falling asleep, and more nocturnal awakenings than good sleepers. Sleep measures of the veterans were similar to those of the people with primary insomnia.
The veterans also had more severe disruptive nocturnal behaviors than both good sleepers and people with primary insomnia.
A study (ID# 0736) that was presented yesterday as a poster presentation shows that U.S. veterans of the war in Iraq who struggle with insomnia may prefer treatment that combines medications with non-pharmacological approaches such as relaxation therapy. Veterans also preferred receiving therapy through MP3 files and the Internet.
Another study (ID# 0556) presented yesterday as a poster presentation reports that black veterans are significantly less likely than white or Asian veterans to adhere to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for obstructive sleep apnea.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study examined the sleep of 14 Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans who have post-deployment adjustment disorders. They were compared with 14 people who have primary insomnia and 14 good sleepers.
The veterans reported much worse sleep quality and sleep efficiency, increased time to fall asleep and wake time after falling asleep, and more nocturnal awakenings than good sleepers. Sleep measures of the veterans were similar to those of the people with primary insomnia.
The veterans also had more severe disruptive nocturnal behaviors than both good sleepers and people with primary insomnia.
A study (ID# 0736) that was presented yesterday as a poster presentation shows that U.S. veterans of the war in Iraq who struggle with insomnia may prefer treatment that combines medications with non-pharmacological approaches such as relaxation therapy. Veterans also preferred receiving therapy through MP3 files and the Internet.
Another study (ID# 0556) presented yesterday as a poster presentation reports that black veterans are significantly less likely than white or Asian veterans to adhere to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for obstructive sleep apnea.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
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