Two studies that will be presented later this morning as posters examine issues related to sleep and motherhood.
One study (#0143) reports that although postpartum mothers’ sleep is disturbed and leads to significant daytime consequences, the timing of their nocturnal sleep may be preserved. Results show that the actual bedtimes and wake times of first-time mothers of newborns were positively correlated with their preferred times. Mothers with both a newborn and other children also tended to fall asleep at their preferred time, but they woke up earlier than their preferred time.
Another study (#0243) suggests that parental presence at bedtime appears to be the factor that impacts sleep more than literal co-sleeping. The study involved parents of 29,287 infants and toddlers from 17 countries. Results show that in predominately Caucasian countries, bed sharing was reported by 11.8 percent of parents and room sharing by 22 percent; in predominately Asian countries these figures were 64.7 percent and 86.5 percent. In predominately Caucasian countries, children who slept in a separate room obtained more sleep, woke less at night, had less difficulty at bedtime, fell asleep faster, and were perceived as having fewer sleep problems; only 40.9 percent of their parents were present with them at bedtime.
Last year at SLEEP 2008 the same research team reported that young children in predominately Caucasian countries have earlier bedtimes and obtain more overall sleep than young children in predominately Asian countries. U.S. children had an average bedtime of 8:52 p.m. and averaged 12.9 hours of total sleep time per day.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Showing posts with label children. Show all posts
Showing posts with label children. Show all posts
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Monday, June 8, 2009
Studies Examine Sleep Problems in Children
Two studies being presented today focus on sleep and childhood.
A study (#0304) being presented later this morning as a poster suggests that napping may have a significant influence on young children’s daytime functioning. Results indicate that children between the ages of 4 and 5 who did not take daytime naps were reported by their parents to exhibit higher levels of hyperactivity, anxiety and depression than children who continued to nap at this age.
Another study (#0197) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation reports that primary care pediatricians may be under-diagnosing sleep disorders in children and teens. Results show that less than four percent of children at 32 primary care pediatric practices were diagnosed with a sleep disorder, which is significantly lower than prevalence rates reported in epidemiological studies.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
A study (#0304) being presented later this morning as a poster suggests that napping may have a significant influence on young children’s daytime functioning. Results indicate that children between the ages of 4 and 5 who did not take daytime naps were reported by their parents to exhibit higher levels of hyperactivity, anxiety and depression than children who continued to nap at this age.
Another study (#0197) being presented this afternoon as an oral presentation reports that primary care pediatricians may be under-diagnosing sleep disorders in children and teens. Results show that less than four percent of children at 32 primary care pediatric practices were diagnosed with a sleep disorder, which is significantly lower than prevalence rates reported in epidemiological studies.
You can download the SLEEP 2009 abstract supplement as an 11 MB file in PDF format.
Thursday, June 12, 2008
REM Sleep, Short Sleep Duration & Child Obesity
A study from the University of Pittsburgh (ID# 0195) that is being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 takes a deeper look at the relationship between short sleep duration and obesity. The study concludes that a core aspect of this association may be reduced amounts of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
The study involved 335 children and teens between the ages of seven and 17 years. Sleep was measured by polysomnography for three consecutive nights. Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children slept about 22 minutes less per night.
Overweight children also had shorter REM sleep periods, lower REM activity and density, and longer latency to the first REM period. After adjusting for other factors, one hour less of REM sleep increased the risk of being overweight by about three times, while one hour less of total sleep increased the odds of overweight by about two times.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the complex process of sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study involved 335 children and teens between the ages of seven and 17 years. Sleep was measured by polysomnography for three consecutive nights. Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children slept about 22 minutes less per night.
Overweight children also had shorter REM sleep periods, lower REM activity and density, and longer latency to the first REM period. After adjusting for other factors, one hour less of REM sleep increased the risk of being overweight by about three times, while one hour less of total sleep increased the odds of overweight by about two times.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the complex process of sleep involves multiple stages that make up a sleep cycle. Most adults will go through four to six cycles in a full night of sleep. REM sleep tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Sleep and Suicide in Children and Teens
Two studies being presented as oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 address the relationship between sleep and suicidal behavior in children.
A study (ID# 0194) of 450 boys and 348 girls examined how children may be affected when a parent has a history of chronic insomnia. The children in the study had an average age of 14.4 years.
Teens with a parental history of chronic insomnia were much more likely to report having suicidal thoughts than teens without a parental history of insomnia (16.7% vs. 5.3%); they also were more likely to have a suicide plan (9.5% vs. 1.5%) and to have attempted suicide (9.5% vs. 1.7%).
Another study (ID# 0180) involved 303 children and teens with bipolar disorder and unipolar disorder during depressive episodes. The children in the study had an average age of 12.8 years.
Results show that 83.8 percent of the children had sleep disturbances. The presence of sleep complaints showed a significant association with suicidal behavior. Children with bipolar disorder were more likely than children with unipolar disorder to report suicidal behaviors with sleep complaints, classified as suicidal thoughts (58% vs. 35.6%), desire to die (58% vs. 31.5%), suicide plans (55.5% vs. 22.3%), and suicide attempt (40.7% vs. 19.8%).
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
A study (ID# 0194) of 450 boys and 348 girls examined how children may be affected when a parent has a history of chronic insomnia. The children in the study had an average age of 14.4 years.
Teens with a parental history of chronic insomnia were much more likely to report having suicidal thoughts than teens without a parental history of insomnia (16.7% vs. 5.3%); they also were more likely to have a suicide plan (9.5% vs. 1.5%) and to have attempted suicide (9.5% vs. 1.7%).
Another study (ID# 0180) involved 303 children and teens with bipolar disorder and unipolar disorder during depressive episodes. The children in the study had an average age of 12.8 years.
Results show that 83.8 percent of the children had sleep disturbances. The presence of sleep complaints showed a significant association with suicidal behavior. Children with bipolar disorder were more likely than children with unipolar disorder to report suicidal behaviors with sleep complaints, classified as suicidal thoughts (58% vs. 35.6%), desire to die (58% vs. 31.5%), suicide plans (55.5% vs. 22.3%), and suicide attempt (40.7% vs. 19.8%).
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Higher Blood Pressure in Children with Breathing Problems during Sleep
A study (ID# 0187) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 shows that sleep disordered breathing of any level of severity is associated with increased levels of blood pressure in children.
The Australian study involved 88 children between the ages of seven and 13 years. Twenty of these children were non-snoring controls who were recruited from the community.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower in the control group both before falling asleep and during sleep. MAP was elevated during sleep in children with either primary snoring, mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or moderate to severe OSA.
More information about obstructive sleep apnea in children is available from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine at http://www.sleepeducation.com/Disorder.aspx?id=71.
The Australian study involved 88 children between the ages of seven and 13 years. Twenty of these children were non-snoring controls who were recruited from the community.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower in the control group both before falling asleep and during sleep. MAP was elevated during sleep in children with either primary snoring, mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or moderate to severe OSA.
More information about obstructive sleep apnea in children is available from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine at http://www.sleepeducation.com/Disorder.aspx?id=71.
Wednesday, June 11, 2008
Children Who Snore Have Higher Heart Rates
A study (ID# 0253) being presented as a poster presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 shows that snoring has a significant impact on the cardiovascular functioning of children during sleep.
The study involved 40 children with an average age of 8 years. Children with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had the highest average heart rate of 92 beats per minute (bpm). Children with primary snoring had an average heart rate of 82 bpm, which was higher than children with moderate OSA (76 bpm) and children with mild OSA (74 bpm). The heart rate of matched controls was 71 bpm.
The abstract authors conclude that these results challenge the notion that snoring is harmless.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the incidence of snoring in children is reported to be 10 percent to 12 percent.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study involved 40 children with an average age of 8 years. Children with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had the highest average heart rate of 92 beats per minute (bpm). Children with primary snoring had an average heart rate of 82 bpm, which was higher than children with moderate OSA (76 bpm) and children with mild OSA (74 bpm). The heart rate of matched controls was 71 bpm.
The abstract authors conclude that these results challenge the notion that snoring is harmless.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the incidence of snoring in children is reported to be 10 percent to 12 percent.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Child Sleep Patterns around the World
A study (ID# 0185) being presented as an oral presentation this morning at SLEEP 2008 compares the sleep patterns of young children from 12 different countries. Results are based on questionnaires completed by the parents of 21,273 infants and toddlers from zero to 36 months of age.
The study indicates that young children in predominately Caucasian countries have earlier bedtimes and obtain more overall sleep than young children in predominately Asian countries. No differences were found in night wakings or napping behaviors.
Children in New Zealand went to bed the earliest with an average bedtime of 7:16 p.m. Children in Hong Kong went to bed the latest with an average bedtime of 10:10 p.m. U.S. children had an average bedtime of 8:52 p.m.
Japanese children had the lowest total sleep time (i.e., nightly sleep plus daytime naps) of 11.6 hours of sleep per day. Children in New Zealand had the highest total sleep time of 13.3 hours of sleep. U.S. children averaged 12.9 hours of total sleep time per day.
Seventy-six percent of Chinese parents perceived that their child has a small or severe sleep problem. Only 11 percent of parents in Taiwan responded similarly.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, newborns up to three months of age need about 16 to 20 hours of total sleep time per day, while infants between three and 12 months old need 14 to 15 hours of total sleep time. Toddlers between the ages of one and four years need about 12 to 14 hours of total sleep time.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
The study indicates that young children in predominately Caucasian countries have earlier bedtimes and obtain more overall sleep than young children in predominately Asian countries. No differences were found in night wakings or napping behaviors.
Children in New Zealand went to bed the earliest with an average bedtime of 7:16 p.m. Children in Hong Kong went to bed the latest with an average bedtime of 10:10 p.m. U.S. children had an average bedtime of 8:52 p.m.
Japanese children had the lowest total sleep time (i.e., nightly sleep plus daytime naps) of 11.6 hours of sleep per day. Children in New Zealand had the highest total sleep time of 13.3 hours of sleep. U.S. children averaged 12.9 hours of total sleep time per day.
Seventy-six percent of Chinese parents perceived that their child has a small or severe sleep problem. Only 11 percent of parents in Taiwan responded similarly.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, newborns up to three months of age need about 16 to 20 hours of total sleep time per day, while infants between three and 12 months old need 14 to 15 hours of total sleep time. Toddlers between the ages of one and four years need about 12 to 14 hours of total sleep time.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Tuesday, June 10, 2008
Neck Size a Predictor of OSA in Children
A study being presented as an oral presentation this afternoon at SLEEP 2008 describes the link between neck size and obstructive sleep apnea in children.
The study examined the records of 242 children between two and 18 years of age. The actual neck size of each patient was adjusted for age to obtain the child’s percent deviation from predicted neck size (DPN).
DPN showed a high correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a measure of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DPN showed a higher association with AHI than did body mass index (BMI) or tonsil size.
These results show that DPN may provide a more anatomically specific risk factor for OSA in children than obesity measures such as BMI.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, OSA occurs in about two percent of young children. It can develop in children at any age, but it is most common in preschoolers. OSA often occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years when the tonsils and adenoids are large compared to the throat.
The study examined the records of 242 children between two and 18 years of age. The actual neck size of each patient was adjusted for age to obtain the child’s percent deviation from predicted neck size (DPN).
DPN showed a high correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a measure of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DPN showed a higher association with AHI than did body mass index (BMI) or tonsil size.
These results show that DPN may provide a more anatomically specific risk factor for OSA in children than obesity measures such as BMI.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, OSA occurs in about two percent of young children. It can develop in children at any age, but it is most common in preschoolers. OSA often occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years when the tonsils and adenoids are large compared to the throat.
Monday, June 9, 2008
Sleep Problems Linked to Depression and Anxiety
Research abstracts being presented as poster presentations this morning at SLEEP 2008 show a link between sleep problems and emotional disturbances.
A study (ID# 0204) compared 122 children who have major depression with 200 healthy peers. Eighty-two percent of depressed children reported a sleep problem, compared to only five percent of controls.
A study of children in grades 2 – 5 (ID# 0269) found that children at risk for sleep-disordered breathing are more likely than their peers to have anxiety (19.7 percent vs. 7.3 percent).
A study of 14 mothers of twins (ID# 0374) shows that more than 70 percent had severe postpartum sleep restriction of less than six hours of sleep in 24 hours. About half of the women also reported mild to severe depression symptoms.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
A study (ID# 0204) compared 122 children who have major depression with 200 healthy peers. Eighty-two percent of depressed children reported a sleep problem, compared to only five percent of controls.
A study of children in grades 2 – 5 (ID# 0269) found that children at risk for sleep-disordered breathing are more likely than their peers to have anxiety (19.7 percent vs. 7.3 percent).
A study of 14 mothers of twins (ID# 0374) shows that more than 70 percent had severe postpartum sleep restriction of less than six hours of sleep in 24 hours. About half of the women also reported mild to severe depression symptoms.
The SLEEP 2008 abstract book is available online at http://www.journalsleep.org/PDF/AbstractBook2008.pdf.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Posts
